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Laurence Bouvard

Personnel CNRS

Bouvard
Service(s)
Description des tâches
Ingénieure d’études en traitement et analyse de bases de données
- Aide aux chercheurs et aux doctorants dans la recherche et le traitement des bases de données
Adresse

AMU - AMSE
5-9 Boulevard Maurice Bourdet, CS 50498
​13205 Marseille Cedex 1

Résumé Piracy and the peer-to-peer diffusion of music deprive artists of income and constitute a challenge to music industry. Many consumers, especially in younger age groups, consider that is normal not to pay in order to listen to music yet artists have intellectual property rights. The reconciliation of these two features of the music market is increasingly difficult within the traditional business model of the music industry. This paper uses an original survey of artists whose music is diffused freely on the online platform Jamendo (the largest of its kind) and which uses Creative Commons (CC) licences rather than copyright firstly to examine why so many artists would adhere to such an approach and secondly what the artists feel about CC. Age is clearly a factor in the choice of CC licence type, as well as whether artists derive income from their music. The choice of CC over copyright is also found to be related to its greater flexibility, its role in the development of musical creation and its function as means of sharing. It can be seen as a basis for an alternative business model in the music industry, in which sales of albums no longer constitute the main source of artists’ remuneration.
Mots clés Music, Intellectual property, Creative Commons, Business model
Résumé Jamendo, est un site de téléchargement légal gratuit de musique. Cette plate-forme de musique " libre " en ligne, la plus grande au monde, fonctionne sur la base de licences Creative Commons. L'enquête que nous présentons ici a été réalisée auprès d'un échantillon de 767 artistes, musiciens isolés ou groupes, adhérents à Jamendo. Les préoccupations qui sous-tendent ce travail étaient d'identifier au mieux les caractéristiques des artistes présents sur Jamendo et le type de licence CC pour laquelle ils ont opté afin de mieux comprendre les motivations de leur choix. Pour aller plus loin la question est celle du modèle économique de Jamendo en ce qui concerne les artistes. Est-ce que Jamendo représente seulement une formidable opportunité pour des artistes amateurs de faire connaître leur oeuvre et d'acquérir une audience ? Ou est-ce que Jamendo est capable de mobiliser aussi des artistes professionnels, pour lesquels, tirer un revenu de leur activité musicale reste une question essentielle ? En bref, la question sous-jacente ici est celle de savoir si une plate-forme comme Jamendo constitue un possible modèle alternatif pour l'industrie musicale de demain.
Mots clés Musique, Propriété intellectuelle, Creative Commons, Modèle économique
Résumé Jamendo is a website for the legal, free downloading of music. This platform of "free" online music, the biggest in the world, operates on the basis of Creative Commons licences. The survey presented here was carried out on a sample of 767 artists (solo musicians or groups) who are members of Jamendo. Our purpose in carrying out this survey was to identify as precisely as possible the characteristics of the artists present on Jamendo and the type of CC licence they choose in order to better understand the motives for their choices. To go further, the question is that of the Jamendo business model from the artists' point of view. Does Jamendo simply represent a great opportunity for amateurs to showcase their music and win an audience? Or is Jamendo also capable of attracting professional artists, for whom earning an income from their music is essential ? To put it another way, the underlying question is whether platforms like Jamendo constitute a possible alternative model for the music industry of tomorrow.
Mots clés Music, Intellectual property, Creative Commons, Business model
Résumé Le présent article comprend 5 sections qui s'attachent chacune à décrire un aspect particulier du scénario global envisagé pour ce qui concerne le marché du travail.
Résumé Dans cet article, les auteurs défendent la thèse suivante : les Africains sont relativement concentrés dans les grandes agglomérations car le logement social y est sur-représenté et les phénomènes de discrimination sur le marché du logement privé freinent l'occupation d'autres types de logement.
Résumé Jamendo is a website for the legal, free downloading of music. This platform of "free" online music, the biggest in the world, operates on the basis of Creative Commons licences. The survey presented here was carried out on a sample of 767 artists (solo musicians or groups) who are members of Jamendo. Our purpose in carrying out this survey was to identify as precisely as possible the characteristics of the artists present on Jamendo and the type of CC licence they choose in order to better understand the motives for their choices. To go further, the question is that of the Jamendo business model from the artists' point of view. Does Jamendo simply represent a great opportunity for amateurs to showcase their music and win an audience? Or is Jamendo also capable of attracting professional artists, for whom earning an income from their music is essential? To put it another way, the underlying question is whether platforms like Jamendo constitute a possible alternative model for the music industry of tomorrow.
Mots clés Music, Intellectual property, Creative Commons, Business model